With package managers or third-party tools, you have plenty of optionsto install and manage Ruby.
Which version to download? If you don’t know what version to install and you’re getting started with Ruby, we recommend that you use the Ruby+Devkit 2.7.X (x64) installer. It provides the biggest number of compatible gems and installs the MSYS2 Devkit alongside Ruby, so gems with C-extensions can be compiled immediately.
You may already have Ruby installed on your computer. You can checkinside a terminal emulator by typing:
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This should output some information on the installed Ruby version.
Choose Your Installation Method
There are several ways to install Ruby:
- On a UNIX-like operating system, using your system’spackage manager is easiest.However, the packaged Ruby version may not be the newest one.
- Installers can be used to install a specific or multipleRuby versions. There is also an installer for Windows.
- Managers help you to switch between multiple Ruby versionson your system.
- Finally, you can also build Ruby from source.
On Windows 10, you can also use the Windows Subsystem for Linuxto install one of the supported Linux distributions and use any of theinstallation methods available on that system.
Here are available installation methods:
- Package Management Systems
- Installers
- RubyInstaller (Windows)
- Managers
Package Management Systems
If you cannot compile your own Ruby, and you do not want to use athird-party tool, you can use your system’s package manager to install Ruby.
Some members of the Ruby community feel that you should avoid packagemanagers to install Ruby and that you should use dedicated tools instead.
It is possible that major package managers will install older Rubyversions instead of the latest release. To use the latest Ruby release,check that the package name matches its version number. Or use adedicated installer.
apt (Debian or Ubuntu)
Debian GNU/Linux and Ubuntu use the apt package manager. You can use itlike this:
yum (CentOS, Fedora, or RHEL)
CentOS, Fedora, and RHEL use the yum package manager.You can use it like this:
The installed version is typically the latest version of Ruby availableat the release time of the specific distribution version.
snap (Ubuntu or other Linux distributions)
Snap is a package manager developed by Canonical.It is available out-of-the-box on Ubuntu, but snap also workson many other Linux distributions.You can use it like this:
We have several channels per Ruby minor series.For instance, the following commands switch to Ruby 2.3:
portage (Gentoo)
Gentoo uses the portage package manager.
To install a specific version, set RUBY_TARGETS in your make.conf.See the Gentoo Ruby Project website for details.
pacman (Arch Linux)
Arch Linux uses a package manager named pacman.To get Ruby, just do this:
This should install the latest stable Ruby version.
Homebrew (macOS)
Ruby versions 2.0 and above are included by default in macOS releasessince at least El Capitan (10.11).
Homebrew is a commonly used package manager on macOS.Installing Ruby using Homebrew is easy:
This should install the latest Ruby version.
FreeBSD
FreeBSD offers both pre-packaged and source-based methods to install Ruby.Prebuilt packages can be installed via the pkg tool:
A source-based method can be used to install Ruby using thePorts Collection. This is useful if you wantto customize the build configuration options.
More information about Ruby and its surrounding ecosystem on FreeBSDcan be found on the FreeBSD Ruby Project website.
OpenBSD
OpenBSD as well as its distribution adJ has packages for the threemajor versions of Ruby. The following command allows you to see theavailable versions and to install one:
You can install multiple major versions side by side, because theirbinaries have different names (e.g. ruby27, ruby26).
The HEAD branch of the OpenBSD ports collection might have themost recent version of Ruby for this platform some days after itis released, seedirectory lang/ruby in the most recent ports collection.
Ruby on OpenIndiana
To install Ruby on OpenIndiana, please use theImage Packaging System (IPS) client.This will install the Ruby binaries and RubyGems directlyfrom the OpenIndiana repositories. It’s easy:
However, the third-party tools might be a good way to obtain thelatest version of Ruby.
Windows Package Manager
On Windows, you can use the Windows Package Manager CLIto install Ruby:
Other Distributions
On other systems, you can search the package repository of your Linuxdistribution’s manager for Ruby. Alternatively, you can use athird-party installer.
Installers
If the version of Ruby provided by your system or package manager is outof date, a newer one can be installed using a third-party installer.
Some installers allow you to install multiple versions on the samesystem; associated managers can help to switch between the differentRubies.
If you are planning to use RVM as a version manager you don’tneed a separate installer, it comes with its own.
ruby-build
ruby-build is a plugin for rbenv that allows youto compile and install different versions of Ruby. ruby-build can alsobe used as a standalone program without rbenv. It is available for macOS,Linux, and other UNIX-like operating systems.
ruby-install
ruby-install allows you to compile and install differentversions of Ruby into arbitrary directories. chruby is acomplimentary tool used to switch between Ruby versions. It is availablefor macOS, Linux, and other UNIX-like operating systems.
RubyInstaller
On Windows, RubyInstaller gives you everything you needto set up a full Ruby development environment.
Just download it, run it, and you are done!
Ruby Stack
If you are installing Ruby in order to use Ruby on Rails,you can use the following installer:
- Bitnami Ruby Stack provides a complete developmentenvironment for Rails. It supports macOS, Linux, Windows, virtualmachines, and cloud images.
Managers
Many Rubyists use Ruby managers to manage multiple Rubies. They alloweasy or even automatic switching between Ruby versions depending on theproject and other advantages but are not officially supported. You canhowever find support within their respective communities.
asdf-vm
asdf-vm is an extendable version manager that can manage multiplelanguage runtime versions on a per-project basis. You will need theasdf-ruby plugin (which in turn uses ruby-build)to install Ruby.
chruby
chruby allows you to switch between multiple Rubies. It canmanage Rubies installed by ruby-install or even builtfrom source.
rbenv
rbenv allows you to manage multiple installations of Ruby.While it can’t install Ruby by default, its ruby-buildplugin can. Both tools are available for macOS, Linux, or otherUNIX-like operating systems.
RVM (“Ruby Version Manager”)
RVM allows you to install and manage multiple installations ofRuby on your system. It can also manage different gemsets. It isavailable for macOS, Linux, or other UNIX-like operating systems.
uru
Uru is a lightweight, multi-platform command line tool that helps youto use multiple Rubies on macOS, Linux, or Windows systems.
Building from Source
Of course, you can install Ruby from source.Download and unpack a tarball, then just do this:
By default, this will install Ruby into /usr/local.To change, pass the --prefix=DIR option to the ./configure script.
You can find more information about building from source in theRuby README file.
Using the third-party tools or package managers might be a better idea,though, because the installed Ruby won’t be managed by any tools.
Which version to download?
If you don’t know what version to install and you’re getting started with Ruby, we recommend that you use the Ruby+Devkit 2.7.X (x64) installer.It provides the biggest number of compatible gems and installs the MSYS2 Devkit alongside Ruby, so gems with C-extensions can be compiled immediately.The 32 bit (x86) version is recommended only if custom 32 bit native DLLs or COM objects have to be used.
How to update?
Ruby can be updated to the latest patch version (e.g. from 2.6.1 to 2.6.4) by running the new installer version.Installed gems are not overwritten and will work with the new version without re-installation.It’s sufficient to use the RubyInstaller without Devkit for these update installations.The Devkit can be updated separately using the ridk install command.
Mac Install Ruby Dev
If the new Ruby version is from a different stable branch, then please use a new target directory for installation.That is to say, a previous RubyInstaller-2.6.x installation should not be updated by installing RubyInstaller-2.7.x into the same directory.This is because gems with C extensions are not compatible between ruby-2.6 and 2.7.Find out more in the FAQ.
RubyInstaller-head
RubyInstaller-head is a daily-updated version of the Ruby development branch.It can be used for continuous integration tests (CI) on your gems or applications, so you’re prepared for upcoming changes to the Ruby core.Builds are available on stable download URIs in the github release section.They can be easily integrated into Github Actions or Appveyor.
With Development Kit?
RubyInstaller uses the MSYS2 toolchain as its development kit.It is bundled into the Ruby+Devkit installer version as a selectable component, so that no additional downloads/installs are required.It’s possible to share one Devkit among multiple versions of Ruby.
MSYS2 is required in order to build native C/C++ extensions for Ruby and is necessary for Ruby on Rails.Moreover it allows the download and usage of hundreds of Open Source libraries which Ruby gems often depend on.
The MSYS2 development environment can be activated in a running cmd or powershell console by ridk enable.This adds commands like make, gcc, pacman or sh to the search path.See more in the Wiki.
Programming Language Ruby
Speed and Convenience
RubyInstaller is compiled with the latest GCC at the release date.The installed Ruby is a native Windows application but combines this with the rich UNIX toolset of MSYS2 and the large repository of MINGW libraries.
Read more about RubyInstaller and its alternatives here.
Documentation
The Ruby core- and standard library documentation are included as part of the installation.We also recommend the online documentation, or the HTML version downloadable from ruby-doc.org.
Support
Enjoy! Happy Ruby-coding! And let us know what you think, or if you have any issues, at our helpful and friendlyRubyInstaller Google Group.